In several different ways we are quite different from other hominid species. One is the huge brain which is too large for the birthing pelvis and therefore must develop significantly after birth. Probably associated with this is the hidden estrus which makes a single mating by a dominant male unlikely to be successful in continuing his line. Both make the human social structure much different from other hominids. If the male wants to insure his paternity he must pair up long term with a female (and make sure no other male has access to the female.) This obviously has a huge impact on morality which must have evolved with the brain size of the baby.
The
concurrent evolution of the infant totally dependent on parents for
everything from wiping herm ass, learning language, and getting from one
place to another for nearly a whole gestation period and the hidden
estrus had to have a major effect on the moral relationships between men
and women especially for the man. I suspect the traditional cave man
dragging the woman to the cave by the hair would have trouble getting
enough sex to maintain his line. The guy who provided dinner and a
dance regularly would have a much better chance.
The other major difference was the evolution from a hunter/gatherer nomadic life style to an agricultural settlement based society. Again it would seem that the moral evolution would be concurrent with the settled social structure.
The agricultural settlement where the division of labor among women and men, the men doing the muscle work of tillage and clearing, with opportunistic hunting and field and flock depredation prevention, certainly must have had moral evolutionary effects on both genders: Women with strong social and community development skills would have much better evolutionary success in the critical chore of getting a child to puberty. In the absense of breakfast diners, a man who left home with a substantial breakfast, and could look forward to a substantial dinner, would be much better prepared to concentrate on his daily community chores.
To be continued ...